Determinants of HIV-Related Stigma Among Women in Indonesia: Analysis of the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey

Diva Lourenza Valentyna, Amin Zakaria, Yuni Asri

Abstract


Background: HIV-related stigma remains a major public health challenge because it hinders HIV prevention, testing, treatment, and care services. In Indonesia, evidence regarding determinants of HIV-related stigma specifically among women remains limited, despite their important role in family and community health decision-making. Objective: This study aimed to identify factors associated with HIV-related stigma among Indonesian women using nationally representative data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the 2017 IDHS women’s dataset (IDIR71FL). A total of 24,213 women were included in the analysis. Sampling weights were applied prior to analysis to account for the complex survey design. Independent variables included socio-demographic and informational characteristics. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression with IBM SPSS Statistics. Results: HIV-related stigma was reported by 86.7% of respondents. Multivariable analysis showed that older age, higher educational attainment, higher wealth status, rural residence, and media exposure were associated with lower odds of HIV-related stigma. Conversely, married women and those living in Sumatra and other provinces outside Java-Bali had higher odds of stigma. HIV knowledge was not significantly associated with stigma after adjustment. Conclusion: HIV-related stigma among Indonesian women remains highly prevalent and is influenced by socio-demographic and informational factors. Strengthening culturally sensitive HIV education and media-based awareness programs is essential to reduce stigma and discrimination toward people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia.


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References


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